Once a molecule has absorbed energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation, there are several paths to return to its ground state. Radiative transitions are transitions between two molecular states where the energy difference is emitted or absorbed as photons, whereas Non-radiative transitions are transitions without absorption or emission of photons. The two main transitions during this absorption and emission process are Radiative transitions and Non-radiative transitions. These energy levels are represented as singlet ground state S 0, first excited singlet state S 1, second excited singlet state S 2, first excited triplet state T 1, etc.Īn excited molecule de-excites to lower molecular states by transferring energy, which can be either radiative or non-radiative. Each of these electronic energy levels can exist in a number of vibrational energy levels such as 0, 1, 2, etc. ![]() These are represented as singlet states ‘S’, where the total spin angular momentum of zero, and triplet states ‘T’, with a total spin angular momentum of one. The electronic states are the electron configuration of a molecule and are characterized based on each state's spin and orbital angular momentum configuration. The diagram is arranged vertically by increasing energy levels of a molecule and horizontally by spin multiplicity. The processes that occur between the absorption and emission of light are illustrated by the Jablonski diagram.Ī Jablonski diagram is an energy diagram that shows the possible transitions between the electronic states and the vibrational levels of a photo-excited molecule. When a molecule absorbs energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation, there are a number of different ways by which the molecule emits this radiation and return to its ground state. The absorption spectrum shows the wavelengths of light absorbed by a material, while the emission spectrum displays light emission. ![]() Absorption spectrum and Emission spectrum are graphical representations of the measurement of the amount of light absorbed and emitted by a material respectively.
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